In Perinatal Medical Group v. Children’s Hosp. of Central CA, Eastern District of California judge Lawrence O’Neill refused to dismiss a Section 2 claim against the hospital for requiring demanding that the plaintiffs agree to only assign patients to the Children’s Hospital, and when the group refused, entering an exclusive contract with a sub-group of Perinatal doctors. The court did dismiss a Section 1 claim on the ground that the defendant hospital and the alleged conspirator were a single entity.